(c) the fast-evolving range of offensive techniques that can be applied, and
the likely speed of future technical developments; and
(d) the capacity of EI, particularly when used at scale, to cause, even
inadvertently) lasting harm to networks and to devices (2.68(b) and 7.247.25 above.
7.38.
All this means that bulk EI will require, to an even greater extent than the other
powers subject to review, the most rigorous scrutiny not only by the Secretary of
State but by the Judicial Commissioners who must approve its use and by the
IPC which will have oversight of its consequences.
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