BIG BROTHER WATCH AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM JUDGMENT
2. The Council of Europe........................................................................................93
(a) The Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals
with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data 1981 ....................93
(b) The Additional Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of
Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data
regarding supervisory authorities and transborder data flows of
8 November 2001 (CETS No. 181) ...........................................................95
(c) Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers on the protection
of personal data in the area of telecommunication services.......................96
(d) The 2001 (Budapest) Convention on Cybercrime......................................96
(e) The 2015 Report of the European Commission for Democracy
through Law (“the Venice Commission”) on the Democratic
Oversight of Signals Intelligence Agencies ...............................................98
I. European Union law ....................................................................................100
1. Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union ...................................100
Article 7 – Respect for private and family life ...............................................100
Article 8 – Protection of personal data ...........................................................100
Article 11 – Freedom of expression and information .....................................100
2. EU directives and regulations relating to protection and processing of
personal data ...................................................................................................100
3. Relevant case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union
(“CJEU”).........................................................................................................103
(a) Digital Rights Ireland v. Minister for Communications, Marine and
Natural Resources and Others and Seitinger and Others (Cases
C‑293/12 and C-594/12; ECLI:EU:C:2014:238) ....................................103
(b) Tele2 Sverige AB v Post- och telestyrelsen and Secretary of State
for the Home Department v Tom Watson and Others (Cases
C-203/15 and C-698/15; ECLI:EU:C:2016:970) .....................................104
(c) Privacy International v. Secretary of State for Foreign and
Commonwealth Affairs, Secretary of State for the Home
Department, Government Communications Headquarters, Security
Service and Secret Intelligence Service (IPT/15/110/CH; EU OJ
C 22, 22.1.2018, p. 29–30).......................................................................106