116

IPCO Annual Report 2018

6,000

5,320

5,000

4,333

4,176

4,000

4,377

3,361

2,998

3,000

2,239

2,310

2,651
1,958

2,000
1,000
0

229
2009

234
2010

24

64

53

90

62

76

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Public and local authorities

123

124

2017
2018
(Annualised
Figure)

LEAs

Figure 23: CHIS authorisations, law enforcement agencies and public and local
authorities
18.7

For the use of relevant sources,38 there has been little change from 2017 in the total
number of undercover officer authorisations and the number of those renewed. Taking a
longer-term view, the total number of authorisations has decreased from levels in excess of
1,000 each year between April 2014 to April 2016, which may be due to reduced availability
of resources, or agencies finding alternative ways to tackle the criminality.

1,400
1,200

1,155

1,000
800

902

1,158
1,032

769
696

600

757
598

Notifications
Cancellations
Renewals

400
200
0

72

93

1 April 2015 31 March 2016

1 April 2016 31 March 2017

51

51

Annualised
for 2017

2018

Figure 24: Relevant sources
38 The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Covert Human Intelligence Sources: Relevant Sources) Order 2013 (“the 2013 Relevant
Sources Order”) further defines a particular type of CHIS as a ‘relevant source’. This is a source holding an office, rank or position
with the public authorities listed in the Order and Annex B to the code. Enhanced authorisation arrangements are in place for this
type of CHIS as detailed in the code.

Select target paragraph3